rational numbers as ratio of two integers. (etymology: rational/reason/ratio, cf. french) NO DECIMALS! NO CALCULATORS! (exception: n+1/2 or n+1/10, it's sometimes okay: 17.5 is pretty clear) discs, compliments of discs, punctured discs, also talk about 2D, 3D, etc. (mention n-dimentional space) and do the distance formula. note that a 1D punctured disc has two sides, but a 2D punctured disc is connected (related to Anindya's proof of fundamental theorem of calculus). note that there's a lot more directions in 2D and higher, and that this clarifies some of the subtleties we note in 1D calculus. 1.6...